The school library of Japan, modelled on that of the U. S. A., has failed to build up firm foundations in the school these thirty years. The fact proves that Japanese school librarians should develop theories applicable to school education in Japan as the pioneers in that country do in the frontier of school librarianship. Lucile F. Fargo is the one from whom they may learn how to do. Her philosophy and theory are clearly expressed in her book, the Library in the School in 1930. She successfully achieved in showing that the school library was fundamental to both the goals to education and the routes to them. By her thoery, such library activities as the providing of informations, and learning and reading materials, and assistance to pupils and teachers by reference services and library instruction are needed to enrich school curriculum and stimulate pupils to the reading and library habits.