海洋計測技術―30年の歩みと新たな道筋―

抄録

Oceanographic sensors play a critical role in conducting scientific research and technological activities related to the ocean, becoming increasingly essential for understanding critical societal issues such as marine environment preservation, conservation of biodiversity, and sustainable fisheries. This paper reflects on the advancements in oceanographic sensor technology mainly over the past three decades, focusing on JFE Advantech Corporation’s exploration in sensing technologies and their foundational and ancillary developments. The paper highlights significant innovations in various types of sensors. For instance, the dissolved oxygen (DO) sensor has evolved from older electrochemical methods, which required frequent maintenance, to a more advanced phosphorescent technology that offers rapid responses and reduced maintenance requirements. Similarly, the chlorophyll sensor has transitioned from bulky halogen light sources to compact LED models, making it easier to handle. The electrical conductivity sensor has also improved, with JFE Advantech Corporation implementing a seven-electrode structure that minimizes measurement errors caused by external objects. Moreover, the paper discusses advancements in technologies to prevent biological fouling, which is a major challenge in long-term marine monitoring, and the development of automated calibration systems to enhance precision in measurements. The emergence of IoT and wireless communication has further transformed sensor applications, allowing for real time data collection and analysis. In conclusion, the ongoing progress in oceanographic sensor technologies is expected to continue addressing the needs of academic research, fisheries, and environmental understanding, with a focus on miniaturization, robustness, and long-term stability. The integration of advanced AI and cloud computing is anticipated to facilitate unprecedented data utilization, underscoring the critical role of marine measurement technologies in promoting oceanic environmental protection and sustainable growth.