Amino-modified Graphene Oxide/Fe₃O₄ for Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction of Cadmium Ions in Rice, Lentil, and Water Samples

Abstract

In this study, amino groups were directly coated on reduced graphene oxide sheets and applied for the extraction of cadmium(II) ions from well water, aqueduct (water coming from mountain), lentils and rice prior to measurements by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The properties of the adsorbent were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and a vibrating sample magnetometer. Some parameters related to the adsorption and desorption stages were optimized. After preconcentration, the linear determination range of cadmium(II) was 0.5 – 40 μg L⁻¹. The limit of quantification, relative standard deviation and preconcentration factor were obtained as 0.5 μg L⁻¹, 0.39 – 2.18% and 100, respectively.