Abstract
The bacterial and clinical experiments for ophthalmic use of amikacin (BB-K8) were performed. The results were summarized as follows:
1) Minimum inhibitory concentrations of BB-K8 for various organisms concerning to ocular infection were 25-100 mcg/ml for KOCH-WEEKS bacillus, 0.39-0.78 mcg/ml, for MORAX-AXENFELD diplobacillus, 12.5-50 mcg/ml for pneumococcus, 0.39 mcg/ml for Corynebacterium diphtheriae, 0.78 mcg/ml for gonococcus, 3.13-50 mcg/ml for streptococcus, 0.19-3.13 mcg/ml for staphylococcus and 3.13-6.25 mcg/ml for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
2) Twenty strains of Ps. aeruginosa were sensitive at 1.56-50 mcg/ml with the peak of distribution at 3.13 mcg/ml.
3) Twenty strains of Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive in the range of 0.78-50 mcg/ml.
4) The peak of blood level (13.9 mcg/ml) after intramuscular injection of 100 mg BB-K8 at a dose was attained in half an hour, and reduced gradually unto 6 hours.
5) The ocular penetration of BB-K8 in the rabbit eye was studied following local and systemic application. The penetration level into both of the outer and inner parts of the eye was highest after subconjunctival injection, followed by intramuscular injection and instillation.
6) Various ocular suppurative diseases, such as external hordeolum, internal hordeolum, lid abscess, corneal infiltration, corneal ulcer, orbital phlegmon and panophthalmitis were cured by BB-K8 treatment, intramuscular injection of 100 mg once or twice a day.
7) No side effect was observed in all 18 cases.
