人の小腸粘膜上皮細胞及び十二指腸腺細胞の鹽基好性物質 (リボ核酸) について

抄録

Observations were made on various kinds of epithelial cells of mucous membrane of the duodenum from 5 healthy executed men. Paraffin sections fixed with REGAUD's fluid or formol-alcohol were stained by thionin; the ribonucleic acid (RNA) shows a metachromatic basophilia and is colored reddish purple in good contrast to the blue staining of desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the nucleus. The digestion test with ribonuclease was carried out. The outstanding results obtained are as follows:
The chief cells (the columnar cells with the striated border), goblet cells, PANETH cells, argentaffine cells and the glandular cells of the gland of BRUNNER contain RNA in their cytoplasm, but not in the ectoplasm.
The fact that the chief cells in the epithelium of the crypts (LIEBERKÜHN) usually contain more RNA than the chief cells in the villus epithelium, shows that the young epithelial cells contain RNA abundantly.
During mitosis of the epithelial cells the cytoplasmic basophilia diminishes. This RNA diminution is more remarkable in the later stages of the mitosis (anaphase and telophase) than in the earlier (prophase and metaphase).
PANETH cells which belong to the albuminous glandular cells contain RNA most abundantly in the cell bases when they actively produce secretion granules, showing occasionally so-called “basal filaments” or “lamellae.” The secretion granules possess during the development thin capsules of RNA, but lose it after their maturation.
In the goblet cells and the glandular cells of the gland of BRUNNER which belong to the mucous cells, the secretion granules never possess such capsule of RNA. While the former contains RNA in the cell basis abundantly, the latter contains it chiefly in the so-called “intermediate dark zone” between the nucleus and the free surface.
Among epithelial cells we usually find the least content of RNA in the argentaffine cells. In the base of these cells filled with chromaffine granules, there occurs no trace of RNA.
The mitochondria do not contain RNA. In sections stained with thionin they appear as unstained corpuscle embedded in basophil substance; they have the same size and form as mitochondria. In general, RNA is found densely in the region where the mitochondria are also densely distributed.
The GOLGI apparatus also contains no RNA. In sections stained with thionin the apparatus appears as a clear canaliculi or zone in the basophil substance.