The effect of ions used in bioactive dental materials on proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells

抄録

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of the main ions thought to be released from bioactive dental materials on the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 murine osteoblasts.

Methods: Cell proliferation was assessed in a control group (minimum essential medium α) and in several ion groups (control group medium + aluminum, boron, sodium fluoride, or strontium ions) to determine which ions affect the osteogenic response to MC3T3-E1. Three groups of MC3T3-E1 cells, namely, a control group, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group (control + 5 μg/mL LPS), and a strontium group (control + 1 mM strontium ions) were cultured for 7 days.

Results: Significant differences in cell proliferation were observed in the strontium group (P < 0.05) but not in the aluminum, boron, or sodium fluoride ion groups. Cell proliferation was enhanced in the strontium group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Cytotoxicity was not observed in any of the groups (P < 0.05). The strontium group had the highest alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (P < 0.05) and the greatest degree of ALP staining, indicating that strontium affected cell differentiation. Collagen production was the highest in the control group and the lowest in the LPS group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Media containing 1 mM strontium ions promoted osteoblastic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells without causing cytotoxicity. Further research is needed to determine the influence of culture time and the minimum concentration for each ion.