グループインタラクションにおける対話パターン

抄録

This study aimed to investigate the discourse of 135 Japanese learners of English ranging from junior high school to university students, in terms of their interactional patterns while interacting in a group of three. The participants' five-minute interactions were assessed by ten Japanese raters by means of the rating criteria in Common Europe Framework of Reference (CEFR; Council of Europe, 2001). The relationship between the interactional patterns and the raters' assessment was also explored. Four "Global Interactional Patterns" including a newly observed pattern termed under-developed, were confirmed in addition to the three basic patterns of interaction that Galaczi (2004, 2008) advocated: collaborative, asymmetrical, and parallel. The difference in the results was likely to have stemmed from the dissimilarity in participants' speaking ability. As for the relationship between the raters' assessment and the Global Interactional Patterns, the collaborative pattern yielded the highest scores and under-developed the lowest. When the author assigned scores to both group and individual characteristics (e.g., three points to collaborative interaction and one point to a passive speaker), a strong correlation (.607, p < .01) was observed but the correlation was largely explained by group rather than individual characteristics.