視聴覚を用いたListening ComprehensionにおけるTop-DownとBottom-Upの特徴

抄録

This study investigates the difference between top-down processing to comprehend the outline and bottom-up to comprehend the parts through three video materials. An earlier pilot study showed the comprehension of the outline to be possible for students even if the details of the content could not be understood. The experiment first measured the partial comprehension mainly by a multiple-choice test, but included dictation and consolidation as well. A correlation between the outline and multiple-choice test indicated that there was a difference between these two comprehensions because the correlation was low for the comprehensible video materials and nonexistent for the uncomprehensible ones. The same result was found on consolidation and dictation. A second result was that if the video materials corresponded to students' listening comprehension level, the comprehension of the outline showed a close relationship with the partial comprehension. However, the uncomprehensible video materials did not lead to any relationship between the comprehension of the outline and the partial comprehension. Implications of the findings for evaluating and teaching listening comprehension are suggested for video materials.