抄録
From Migrant Worker to Commuter —— The Changing Situation of Migrant Worker of Sake Brewing at Koshiji-cho, Niigata —— Mitsuya Iga (Niigata University) I examined the process of change from migrant worker to commuter in sake brewing. It was found that it related to the introduction of continuous flow process production at breweries and the industrialization of rural villages. There were a great number of migrant workers in Niigata Prefecture before World War Ⅱ . But, the number of part-time farmers increased and the number of migrant workers decreased rapidly with the rural village industrialization after the 1970's. Sake brewing workers, who accounted for nearly half of migrant workers in 1995 in Niigata Prefecture, aged and decreased in number. Corresponding to this, brewing makers introduced continuous flow process production, and began to adopt brewing workers in their own districts. The class of peasant proprietors, who cultivate rice in summer, and go out to sake brewing work in winter, differentiates into new upper farmers who farm on a large scale, and small landowner workers who do not farm and are employed in nonagricultural sectors. Now, sake brewing workers no longer work away from the prefecture. And more and more they commute to their breweries.
