The purpose of this study is to clarify the background and changes of the dual habitation before the relocation of elderly persons from the area of heavy Snowfall after several years of dual habitation. This study focuses on the dual habitation in Matsudai area, Tokamachi city, Niigata prefecture: one of the heavy snow areas by statute. The dual habitation in this area has been continued since 1980’s. The dual habitation of Elderly persons takes the form of going out of this area in winter and coming back when the spring comes. Eventually they relinquish their house and relocate to place where their children live. The dual habitation in this area has the background affected by regional conditions: the community and supports which responses to heavy snowfall. There were several settlements isolated by snow during winter in this area in 1980’s. This area could clear snow away from all streets in 1989. Elderly persons continued their dual habitation using railways despite losing the fear of isolation by snow because they still have the insecurity for living alone and have a wish to live with their family. The dual habitation is often treated as a measure to promote migration from the city areas to depopulated areas. This study indicated the dual habitation of elderly persons has regional characteristics and has been a buffer which reduce relocation damage. Besides, this study could give an important viewpoint in considering residence support in rural area and another aspect of the dual habitation.
