抄録
This report describes the initiative and gross root challenges to create ecilogical, self-sustaining communities, with the combination of nature, agreiculture and lacal people in the rural area in U. K. and Scandinavia.
The book written by Simon Fairlic. “Low Impact Development”, deals with the planning and building theory to create the alternative communities with nature and local societies and economies. We can see thses new activities in the rural area in U. K. by the permacultural design concept. There are new cooperative housing movements, which are called Co-bonsing in Denmark and Sweden in Scandinavia. In Scandinavia we can see some ecological villages, which aim to create alternative and self-sustaining and ecological settlements by grass root people, who want change modern life style toward more environmental and sustainable style. In Japan we need to develop alternative planning method to build new ecological villages in the rural area.
