集落・農村計画と緑地・環境

造園・緑地学の分野における研究を通して

抄録

This report reviews the history of studies of rural settlement, and rural planning in the field of the landscape architecture.
This was already a important theme when the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architect (JILA) was started. Until 1960, there were few studies of rural planning as compared to the abundant studies of open space in urban areas and natural parks. In this report, the author reviewed several famous books of landscape architecture that were published between 1960 and 1970. When the IFLA (International Federation of Landscape Architect) congress was held in Tokyo, their book was also published. This book reconsiders the traditional rural landscape very well. Then after, was closed upthe problem withthe open space inruralarea through the decrease of naturalenvironment and the urbanization.
Between 1965 and 1969 there were some topics related to Hachirogata Rural Developing. After 1970, the following issues became dominant 72 Journal of Rural Planning Association Vol. 2, No. 2, 1983. 9
* the problem of mixed living and open space
* the meaning of a windbreak small forests and copse
* landscape management through ecological landscape studies.
Between 1975 and 1979 the field expanded into environmental planning, the consideration of green, open space in general rural planning sphere. After 1980, many studies were increasingly concerned with the diminution of natural resources, e. g. an investigation into the actual condition of green space in rural districts, rural consolidation and the land embellishment in West-Germany.
In the future we must investigate the traditional use of green space in rural areas, the functions of green space, and classification of these areas.
The following considerations are necessary for the studies in another field
* rural district consolidation with a plan
* function of green space in the rural area
* landscape maintenance in rural districts and rural area
* the conservation of the natural habitat.