抄録
Under the increasingly severe pressures of global climate change and agricultural sustainable development, biochar has become a research hotspot in soil improvement due to its multiple ecological benefits, including improving soil structure, enhancing soil fertility, promoting carbon sequestration, and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. In recent years, the rapid development of big data technology has provided strong technical support for the scientific application and mechanism analysis of biochar. This paper systematically reviews the research progress on the application of big data in biochar-based soil improvement, with a particular focus on its key roles in soil physicochemical property assessment, biochar formulation optimization, application strategy development, and effect monitoring. Studies have shown that big data analysis facilitates precise regulation and spatiotemporal optimization of biochar application, significantly enhancing its effectiveness in improving soil nutrient supply, activating soil microbial communities, and increasing water retention capacity. Furthermore, this paper conducts a multidimensional evaluation of the environmental and economic benefits of biochar application, while summarizing current research bottlenecks such as regional imbalance in data acquisition, difficulties in multi-source data integration, and insufficient model generality. Finally, it explores the future potential of integrating big data and biochar in advancing intelligent agriculture, carbon neutrality strategies, and sustainable land management. This paper contributes to promoting the evolution of soil improvement technologies toward digitalization, intelligence, and green low-carbon development.
