抄録
Since the European Sport for All Charter was adopted in 1975, “Sport for All” policies have become widespread in the world. The importance and performance of sport policies might vary by country, region and economy. The purposes of this study were 1） to construct a sport policy scale that evaluates the importance and performance of programs and projects; and 2） to examine the importance and performance of sport policies in member countries and regions of The Association For International Sport for All （TAFISA） with a focus on economies and regions. A questionnaire survey was administered to 78 sport organizations and governments in 57 TAFISA member countries and regions. After three follow-ups, 46 questionnaires were obtained, while the return rate was 80.7%.
The Sport Policy Scale （SPS） was developed by triangulation of researchers based on the “functions” of the “Sport New Zealand Act 2002” and “Australia Sports Commission Act 1989.” An exploratory factor analysis of the SPS data obtained from TAFISA member countries and regions showed high reliability, with 74% of the variance explained. The SPS included four factors: 1） Sport for All, 2） coordination and collaboration, 3） policies and strategies, and 4） excellence. With respect to “Importance,” the top five indicators were “children’s participation,” “adults’ participation,” “national policies and strategies,” “women’s participation,” and “disabled people’s participation.” In terms of “Performance,” the top five indicators were “children’s participation,” “women’s participation,” “adults’ participation,” “training programs for leaders and coaches,” and “coordination between national, regional, and local sport organizations.”
The importance-performance analysis of all the SPS data revealed “Good Work” with respect to children, adults, women, and programs for leaders and coaches, and highlighted the need to “Concentrate” on national policies, disabled people, adults, collaboration, and health/wellbeing. The differences in the importance-performance analysis were more pronounced in economies than regions. Future tasks for sport policy research were proposed for the next generations.
