中華人民共和国初期、中共機関紙の性格について―『河北日報』を中心に

抄録

Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) party organ is often called “the mouthpiece of the party”, recognized as the propaganda means to spread CCP’s thoughts and policies. In addition, CCP aimed to gather information at the grass-roots level through correspondents. Thus, CCP’s party organ is presumed to have both communication and information gathering functions.

However, we cannot accept these ideas uncritically. Many people in the grass-roots level did not have sufficient information about CCP’s thoughts and policies. CCP did not have enough information about the grass-roots level, either. Therefore, this paper approaches the actual state of CCP’s party organ, specifically by examining the Hebei Daily (Hebei Ribao), which is the organ of CCP.

In chapter 1, I briefly marshal the general situation of all of the publications in this period and show that CCP started to strengthen its regulation on publishing, which was not so heavily regulated in the early People’s Republic of China (PRC) period. In chapter 2, I analyze the actual state of the regulation as well as the organ itself. It is demonstrated that CCP’s regulation on publishing was not effective enough, and that the organ did not sufficiently fulfill its propaganda role either. In chapter 3, I examine the correspondent system and prove that the correspondent system remained insufficient throughout the 1950s, thus CCP could not gather enough information about the grass-roots level.

This paper not only clarifies the actual situation of CCP’s party organ, but also analyzes the relationship between the party and society. In other words, this paper examines the actual situation of the communication between the higher level and grass-root level during the period when CCP proceeded with land reform and agricultural collectivization in early PRC period. This paper concludes that throughout the period of concern in this paper, there was a difference between the higher level recognition and the lower level recognition due to insufficient communication, which includes the differences between the central level and the provincial level, and between the provincial level and the grass-root level. CCP’s policies were enforced under such a situation in the early PRC period, indicating that this may be one of reasons why CCP’s policies often faced problems during this period.