Abstract
(1) We have studied the crystalline saponin of soya bean which Y. Sumiki had investigated already, and have obtained the results that its molecular formula is C48_??_50H77_??_81O18 and the products of hydrolysis are sapogenin (C20_??_32H48_??_52O3), glucuronic acid, galactose, and rhamnose.
(2) Now we have isolated at the same time an amorphous saponin, of which molecular formula is C49_??_51H79_??_83O19. Its sapogenin is C31_??_33H50_??_54O4 and the others are identical with the former. Both have not haemolytic power.
(3) Each saponin is isolated five isomers according to the period of the hydrolysis and is required each mutual relation. And we have showed that the molecular formula of these neutral sapogenins are respectively resemble to those of the acidic sapogenins, oleanolic acid and hederagenin.
(4) If these saponins and sapogenins are heated with copper oxide or lead chromate, they liberate the considerable volume of methan or ethan gas. We have isolated the two more saponins that are water-soluble and haemolytic (crystal melts at 270° and amorphous 243°), of which we are to report later. Then we think that three kinds of saponin E. Walz showed are the following kinds of ours. One of them (mel. pt. 225°) is the crystalline saponin, ones (mel. pt. 280° hexagonal) is its natrium-salt and the remains (mel. Pt. 272° haemolytic) are the saponin that is water-soluble.
