絵画における空間の問題 : 古代絵画の遠近法

抄録

Representation of the three dimensional space on the plane is an attractive, but difficult subject for many painters of all the ages. It seems that the linear perspective, devised by Quattrocento architects and painters in Italy, is the most exact and popular method of spatial representation. But there are other ways to depict the illusion of space in the picture. Roman landscape paintings, for example, show an atmospheric pictorial space. If we classify the representation of the space into three types that is, one on the retina by the function of eyes (visio perspectiva), on the plane by the linear perspective (scientia perspectiva) and on the canvas by the creative painters (ars perspectiva)-ancient style of the spatial representation corresponds the type of visio perspectiva. It is, of course, a characteristic style in art history, but has possibility to develope in two ways, one to the linear method of perspective of Renaissance, the other to the uncontinuous ideal space of Middle Ages, especially Byzantine and Romanesque paintings.