An assessment of genetic diversity in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) germplasm

抄録

Genetic divergence among one hundred and twenty seven sorghum genotypes were estimated based on morphological traits using Mahalanobis generalized distance (D2) analysis to group the sorghum genotypes. Significant variations among sorghum genotypes were observed in respect of days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height and number of seeds per panicle, 100 seed weight and yield per plant. The first female flower initiation and maturity was earlier in BD-9135 (55 days) and BD-736 (144 days) than the other genotypes. BD-4689 produced maximum number of seeds per panicle (4530.0). The highest grain yield per plant (124.90 g) was recorded from BD-755 genotypes while the lowest (4.50 g) was in BD-736 than the other sorghum genotypes. A total of 83.38 % variation was observed from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) against first six eigen values while only first two values were responsible for 46.11% variation. Considering the mean values, the genotypes were grouped into eight clusters. The highest number of genotypes (26) was in cluster VII and the lowest (7) is including in cluster II. The highest class mean values for days to flowering (84.1 days), days to maturity (148.0 days), inflorescence width (7.7 cm), number of seeds per panicle (3989.7) and seed yield per plant (106.7 g) were found in cluster II. The highest inter-cluster distance was obtained between the cluster VIII and II (25.880) followed by VI and II (22.842), while the lowest inter-cluster was between VII and V (2.859). The intra-cluster distance was the highest (0.994) in cluster VIII. The maximum value of inter-cluster distance indicated that genotypes belonging to cluster VIII were far diverged from those of cluster II.