日本における柔道の審判方法に対する提言：副審の位置と試合撮影に用いるビデオカメラの設置方法について

抄録

At present, in many judo tournaments in Japan, one referee steps into the match area and two judges sit on chairs placed at opposite corners. Matches are filmed by a single video camera and a jury intervenes when there is a problem with the judgment of the three umpires. The purpose of this study was to examine situations in which the referee obstructed the view of the judges when they were evaluating throwing techniques, as well as situations in which the jury intervened in the evaluations of throwing techniques that the referee and judges made. Also, this study will recommend ways to improve the positioning of the judges and the video camera.

The 2011 Kodokan Cup All Japan Judo Championships （461 matches） was the subject of analysis. Three analysts with superior judo refereeing and coaching skills analyzed the video images taken by a single video camera from the second-floor spectator seating area. The results showed that out of 422 evaluations of throwing techniques, there were 10 situations （2.4%） in which the referee obstructed the view of the judge when he was making an evaluation. In addition, the jury intervened four times （0.9%） in umpires’ evaluations of throwing techniques. Based on the above, two recommendations can be made.

1. The judges need to be able to move as much as the referee because the judge’s view is sometimes obstructed when making an evaluation of a throwing technique. However, it is assumed that the possibility of the video camera being disturbed by the movement of the three umpires is higher than before. In the future, when the three umpires move, it is important to consider how their movement does not interfere with the video camera.

2. It is important to use two or more video cameras so that contestants are positioned between more than one video camera because it is not always possible to capture the complete match situation with a single video camera.