Contribution of Nambu, Kobayashi and Maskawa to the Development of Particle Physics(In Commemoration of the 2008 Nobel Prizes of Physics Winners; Yoichiro Nambu, Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa)

Abstract

Nambu and Kobayashi-Maskawa share the 2008 Nobel Prize for physics for their contributions to the understanding of symmetry breaking in particle physics. Nambu's contribution is on the spontaneous symmetry breaking which can occur in many situations such as standard model, supersymmetry and grand unified models. Kobayashi-Maskawa theory is concerned with the CP violation which shows up in the CKM matrix when the number of quark generation is 3 or more. B-factory experiments proved their theory is correct.