Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are intense astrophysical phenomena of high energy (∿250 keV) gamma-rays whose typical duration are 0.01-300s. Since their discovery, their nature has been unknown. Recently, they have been clarified through both theoretical and observational developments. In the current standard scenario, GRBs take place at cosmological distance, and therefore, the most violent explosive phenomena in the universe, and arise from the ultra-relativistic jets launched by the unknown central engine. In this article, we review the standard scenario along the GRB research history and some related topics such as an application to the cosmology.
