Growth characteristics of a rare epiphytic fern Pyrrosia linearifolia in hardscape habitats

Abstract

I investigated if walls, including stone walls, could be used as habitats for the communities of Pyrrosia linearifolia (Ulabaceae), a rare epiphytic fern. I confirmed establishment of P. linearifolia communities on 14 walls in 3 survey sites in Japan. Most walls on which P. linearifolia was found were almost vertical; other epiphytic ferns were also found in these walls. Natural stone walls and smooth walls constructed with concrete or mortar were each at 7 locations (50% of the sites). Additionally, the slope orientation was significantly skewed (Rayleigh's test, p < 0.01) and concentrated in north and east faces. Although the number of other rare epiphytic ferns able to grow in hardscape habitats remains unknown, I conclude that hardscape habitats can be used for future conservation of epiphytic ferns.