Abstract
近年，行動療法の「第三の波」とよばれるアクセプタンス＆コミットメント・セラピーなどの心理療法による抑うつや不安の改善において，自分自身に対する思いやりであるとされるセルフ・コンパッションの向上が寄与しうることが指摘されている。しかしながら，セルフ・コンパッションは，思いやりの感情および苦痛を緩和しようという動機を含む包括的な概念であり，認知行動論的な予測と制御が可能であるとはいいがたい現状にある。そこで本研究では，抑うつおよび不安に対するセルフ・コンパッションの効果に関して，行動に随伴する正の強化の程度である報酬知覚の影響性を検討することを目的とした。私立大学の大学生など105名を対象に調査を実施した結果，セルフ・コンパッションから報酬知覚を介した抑うつあるいは特性不安への間接効果が有意であることが示された。そのため，抑うつや不安に対するセルフ・コンパッションの効果においては，部分的ではあるものの，報酬知覚によって予測と制御が可能であることが示唆された。今後は，報酬知覚に加えて，他の要因の影響性を検討することが必要であると考えられる。
Translated Abstract
It has recently been pointed out that improved self-compassion (i.e., compassion toward oneself) may contribute to improvement in depression and anxiety through the so-called “third wave” of behavioral therapies, such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Self-compassion is, however, a comprehensive concept that includes feelings of compassion as well as the motivation to alleviate distress; therefore it is difficult to say that the improvement can be predicted and controlled from a cognitive-behavioral perspective. This study examined how perceived reward, the degree of accompanying positive reinforcement following behavior, can influence the improvement in the effects of self-compassion on depression and anxiety. The results of a survey of 105 university students at a private university indicated that self-compassion had a significant indirect effect on depression or trait anxiety via reward perception. Reward perception thus appears to be predicting and controlling the effects of self-compassion on depression and anxiety, albeit only partially. Further studies are needed to examine the influence of other factors.
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