戦前期兵庫県におけるラジオ体操の普及実態に関する研究

抄録

This paper clarifies the reality of the local popularization of pre-war radio calisthenics in Hyogo Prefecture during the showa era. Historical materials, including municipal publications, notifications, newspaper reports, and magazine articles reveal the features of the process and explain how radio calisthenics were encouraged and spread.

This paper concludes by demonstrating the following two points. First, case research on Hyogo Prefecture suggests that radio calisthenics were possibly performed daily at school morning assemblies, and that radio calisthenics during summer was not only carried out at schools as a part of mind-body practice but also requested outside the schools for those participating in local radio calisthenics meetings. Ordinary elementary schools and higher elementary schools had the highest rate of participation, especially in the Higashiharima and Kitaharima areas of Hyogo Prefecture. Gradually, the radio calisthenics meetings expanded their venues and participants in various ways. The meetings became an event which was held in towns and factories with participants of all generations. Second, the organization of these radio calisthenics meetings functioned to strengthen the system of mobilizing home-front local residents through the implementation of reporting systems by the participants in each local area as well as through co-oraganized events.