戦後日本における教師をめぐる語りの変容

―新聞社説に着目して―

抄録

This paper studies the transition in the criticism of teachers and in their images since post-war in Japan. Changes in teachers' images start from late 1970s, and the criticism of teachers becomes widely accepted. The study shows that such the criticism is groundless and lacks of a clear understanding of the transition in teachers' image, in stark contrast to previous studies. According to 233 editorials of the Asahi Shimbun since 1945, the analysis shows different images across different periods. From 1945 to the mid-1970s, teachers were labeled as labors in the education profession. From the late 1970s to the early 2000s, teachers were culpable for all sorts of problems in education. Sharply changes in images occurred since 2000s when the public opinion expressed its respect to teachers and regarded them as experts in education. In short, the criticism was replaced by the accomplishment. However, all currently available policies are built on distrust for teachers, including license renewal systems and evaluation systems. Such unfavorable policies for teachers urgently needs to be abandoned in order to restore confidence in teachers. Overall, this paper studies far-reaching impacts of the current education system and provides policy implications for the development of competent teachers.