林野を主とする小地域の土壌型調査

抄録

Haraizumi Village lies 6 miles north-west of Kakegawa City, situated about the central part of Shizuoka Prefecture, and has a whole area of 36.65 km^2 or 9,038.99 acres, 86%, the most part of which is occupied by steep mountains. Of the area, the most part is forest lands covering 7,773.39 acres, and the rest is farm land, 396.86 acres. Soil types and soil kinds Soil types, prevailing on surveyed area, numbered 3 as follows : I : Zonal Soil types (Vegetation soil types), Brown forest soils II. Azonal soil types (Mountain soil types) Mountain soils III. Intrazonal soil types (Ground water soil types) Meadow soil, river-bed type Each soil type in above list, is classified into 7 soil kinds, after its morphological character. Some models of profiles of each soil type, and each soil kind, are shown as follows : (1) Brown forest soils (Soil kind 1) Locality-Tamma, Haraizumi Village Relief-Hillside slope land, Slope 30° NW, 310m above sea level Parent material-Weathered shale Utilization-Mixed forests, Cryptomeria (Japanese cedar) and Cypress (Japanese cypress) Soil profile-A_<00> A thin layer of needles, mostly undecomposed, about 0 to 0.7cm thick A_0 Raw humus layer of black brown, partly disintegrated, loose, pH 6.5,0 to 2.0 cm thick A 0 to 8 cm, black brown loam, rich in humus, granular, many roots pH 6.5 B_1 8 to 49 cm, dark brown loam, with some humus, comparatively, granular tubular, many roots, pH 6.6 B_2 49 to 66 cm, brown clay loam, nutty, weakly tubular, including some roots, compact pH 6. 6 B_3-C 66 - cm, brown clay loam, with some gravels, compact, pH 6.6 (Soil kind 2) Locality-Tamma, Haraizumi Village Relief-Hillside slope land, Slope 28° NW, 300m above sea level Parent material-Weathered shale Utilization-Tea field Soil profile-A 0 to 10 cm, black brown loam, rich In humus, granular, pH 6.5 B_1 10 to 45 cm, dark brown loam, with some humus, comparatively, granular, pH 6.4 B_2 45 to 68 cm, brown clay loam, nutty, compact, pH 6.6 B_3-C 68-cm, brown clay loam, with some gravels, compact, pH 6.6 (2) Mountain soils (Soil kind 3) Locality-Kuromata, Haraizumi Village Relief-Steep mountain side, slope 40° NW, 400 m, above sea level Parent material-Mixture of weathered clayslate and other rocks Utilization-Mixed forests, Cryptomeria (Japanese cedar) and Cypress (Japanese cypress) Soil profile-A_<00> A thin layer of needles, mostl yundecomposed about 0 to 0.8 cm thick A_0 Raw humus layer of black brown, partly disintegrated, loose, pH 6.5,0 to 2.3 cm thick A 0 to 8 cm, black brown loam, rich in humus, granular, nutty at the boundary of two horizons, A and C, many roots, pH 6.6 C 8-cm, brown loam, rich in gravel and detritus, tubular, including some roots, compact, pH 6.6 (Soil kind 4) Locality-Kuromata, Haraizumi Village Relief-Steep mountain side, slope 40° NW, 400 m, above sea level Parent material-Mixture of weathered clayslate and other rocks Utilization-Mixed forests, Cryptomeria (Japanese cedar) and Cypress (Japanese cypress) Soil profile-A_<00> A thin layer of needles, mostly undecomposed, about 0 to 0.8cm thick A_0-A 0 to 9 cm, black brown loam, rich in humus, with some humus, mycelia were found at the border two horizons, A_<00> and A_0-A, comparatively granualr, many, roots, nutty at the lower part of the horizon A_0-A, pH 6.6 C 9-cm, blown clay loam, rich in gravel and detritus, weakly tubular, compact, including some roots, pH 6.6 (Soil kind 5) Locality-Hagima, Haraizumi Village Relief-Steep mountain side, slope 42° SW, 320m, above see level Parent material-Mixture of weathered sand-stone and other rocks Utilization-Mixed forest, Red pine and Oak (Nara and Kashi) Soil profile-A_<00> Loose leaves and pine needles, mostly undecomposed, about 0 to 0.7cm thick A_0-A 0 to 2.5 cm, black brown loam, rich in humus, with some raw humus, with mycelia including some roots, pH 6.5 C 2. 5-cm, brown loam, with some gravels and detritus, including

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