海女ノ形態學的研究

第一編 胸部形態

抄録

Vital measurements were conducted of 114 ama (women divers) between the ages of 17 and 49 of Boshu Shirahama in Chiba Prefecture, and under the direction of Dr. Shiro Ogawara, the following eight quantitative measurements, seven indices and chest formulae were compiled and detailed statistical observations were made.
1) Measured items:
i) Chest-length ii) Front chest-length (Sternum length)
iii) Chest-depth I (Depth of upper chest)
iv) Chest-dephth II (Chest-depth)
v) Chest-depth III (Depth of lower chest)
vi) Chest-width A (Chest-width)
vii) Chest-width B (width of lower chest)
viii) Chest-width C (Width of rib-arch)
2) Indices:
i) Chest-length index (Front chest-length·100/Chest-length)
ii) Chest (length-depth) index I (Chest-depth I·100/Chest-length)
iii) Chest index II (Chest-depth II·100/Chest-length)
iv) Chest index III (Chest-depth III·100/Chest-length)
v) Chest-width index A (Chest-width B·100/Chest-width A)
vi) Chest-width index B (Chest-width C·100/Chest-width A)
vii) Chest-width index C (Chest-width C·100/Chest width B)
3) Chest formulae: Each index was classified into five or six groups according to its numerical quantity, and each group was marked from one to six. The chest length was designated as“L”, and the numerical formulae which were obtained as the result of arranging the makings in order: thusly, LI II III ABC, were called chest formulae.
4) Only chest index I and chest-width index C derived from the mean numbers of each index are found to be absolutely equivalent when compared with the results of Dr. Kato's observations of adult women residing in Tokyo.
All other indices indicated either that the ama were bigger or showed that tendency.
5) There remarkable differences in individual chest formulae, but the chest formula obtained from the mean numbers of each index is 434444; therefore, differing from Kato's formula of 3333333 for adult women in general.
6) In other words, the length of the sternum of the ama is longer compared to the length of the chest than adult women in general, and although there is no difference in thickness of the chest at the upper region, the thickness at the center of the sternum and the lower region of the chest are both thicker in comparison to the length of the chest.
Furthermore, in comparing the widths between the two types of women, it is noted that the ama is comparatively wider below the central region of the sternum.
These facts mean that the thickness and width of the ama are better developed than adult women in general.
7) By thus being able to simplify the morphology of the chest by numerical formulae through the determing of chest formulae, the author believes that there is a very deep significance in constitutional anthropological and morphological research.