抄録
When a fiber mass is treated in practical wet process, the treating mechanism and efficiency are greatly affected by the wetting behaviour of the fiber mass. And the wetting properties of textile fabrics have a great deal to do with the adaptability for clothing when consumers wear them. It is presumed that the wetting behavior of a fiber mass differs exceedingly with a kind of fiber. To analyze the fundamental wetting behavior of a fiber mass, it is important to compare and study the relation between the degree of permeation and the kinds of fiber. In this study, the measurements were made to see how far the osmosis of liquid into fiber masses differs depending on the kinds of the fiber and by various types of wetting. The artificial masses of approximately same constructive density were made by various kinds of loose fiber and were used.
The time dependence of upward penetration of distilled water into the fiber masses was measured. Required quantities of random masses of fibers were packed into an acrylan tube (inner diameter 0.9cm, height 14cm) which was hung on the arm of strain-gauge. The lower end of the tube was steeped into distilled water to the depth of 1mm and the change in weight of the tube was observed. Thus, the relationship between the quantity of water penetrated by capillarity and the elapsed time (min) was obtained on various types of fiber and on different degrees of porosities (degrees of opening). The volume of penetrated distilled water varies greatly with the kind of fiber in the case of the same degree of porosity. The masses of acrylics and Vinylon were penetrated fairly well. The volume of distilled water penetrated into the masses of polyester, polypropylene and scoured wool was very small. In the case of the fibers which were penetrated enough, the penetration of distilled water by capillarity had a maximum volume when the degree of porosity of fiber mass was between a range of 75 to 85%. These results may be due to the optimum structure of these masses for the capillary-type penetration of water.
