抄録
In order to investigate the various behaviors of solvent assisted wool dyeing by adding several sparingly soluble solvents in water to Suminol Red PG (C. I. Acid Red 85), (a) the time of half dyeing, (b) diffusion coefficient, (c) affinity, (d) the effects of pH and temperature on the rate of dyeing, (e) the solvent absorption from aqueous solution by wool, and (f) partition ratio between water and solvent has been examined.
Of the organic solvents used, phenol, n-amyl alcohol and benzyl alcohol are effective and the last solvent was found to be the most suitable in its practicality.
The effects of aliphatic alcohol as solvent are seen to depend on the average carbon chain length and hydrophobic property of compounds. The solvents, giving their effect, are not sufficient at 20_??_50°C, but the most effective at 65_??_80°C. The effects are remarkable according to increase Hconcentration. The dye's affinity is only a little decreased as a result of adding the previous solvent. The adsorption isotherms of phenol and benzyl alcohol agree with Henry's equation. The molar free energy of desorption ΔG°(=RT lnP) of phenol and benzyl alcohol from water to wool are 925 and 530 cal/mol respectively. The time of half dyeing of both solvents, on the other hand, are 30 and 44min. respectively, so that their effects are closely connected with the time of half dyeing and the absorption of the solvent by the wool. The dye's solvility of each solvent is greater than that of water, and the greater is the partition ratio, the higher the rate of dyeing, The effect of solvent, therefore, is influenced to the absorption of the solvent by wool, and partition ratio between water and solvent.
