Issues 1 and 2 of Volume 6 include the peer-reviewed articles that were presented at the 12th International Symposium “Toxins, Pathogens, and Foods: Challenges and Opportunities for Public Health” organized by the Toxic Microorganisms Panel of the United States-Japan Cooperative Program on Development and Utilization of Natural Resources. Dr. Kenneth A. Voss (Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, USA), Dr. Jeffrey Cary (Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, USA), Dr. Hiroshi Asakura (National Institute of Health Sciences, Japan), and Dr. Toshiyuki Suzuki (National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan) accepted to be guest editors for editing of these articles. I wish to express my deep appreciation for their valuable effort in publication of the issues.