1969 Volume 10 Pages 1-13
The authors attempted to examine the pupils of a junior high school in natural science. In this examination, they paid special attention to testing their ability of scientific thinking and extracted the factors constituting the structure of science from the above result. This is the consequence which could be gained through these factor analysis. (1) Four are extracted as factors of ability in scientific thinking from the first division of science, that is, Ability of Inductive Thinking(a), Ability of Deductive Thinking(b), Ability of Understanding(c), and Ability of Quantative Grasping of Phenomena(d). (2) Also five factors are proved to be component elements of science in the second division, namely, Ability of Inductive Thinking(a), Ability of Drawing the Conclusion from the Diagram(b), Ability of Under standing(c), Ability of Grasping the Connection as to the Objects (d) and Ability of Deductive Thinking (e). Then, comparing that result from the first division, they recognize that in both fields, the importance of each factor are similar in its function except forth factor, Ability of Grasping the Connection as to the Objects. (3) Then, inquiring into these consequences from the synthetic viewpoint, Ability of Inductive Thinking are proved to be essential through two divisions, with the importance of Ability of Deduction and Understanding next to it. But, Ability of Quantitative Grasping of Phenomena is perceived only in the first division, while Ability of Grasping the Connection as to the Objects is characteristic only in the second division. (4) So, comparing these results with the "Process Skills" in A.A.A.S, they come to the conclusion that much importance should be given to Ability of Inductive Thinking in developing pupil's ability of scientific thinking.
