On the formulation of models in science teaching (the 1st report)

Abstract

We are making researches in the formulation of models in science teaching through actual lessons. At the beginning, we looked over some literatures on this subject and discussed about the revolutionary approaches to science teaching. We will state these results in this 1st report. We studied about the function of a model in the scientific method. Dr. Marshall Walker's ideas of models in the scientific method is as follows; "The validation of a model follows a regular pattern which has been called the scientific method." "The scientific method 1) postulates a model based on existing experimental observations or measurements; 2) checks the prediction of this model against further observations or measure ments; 3) adjusts or replaces the model as required by the new observations or measurements." We examined these opinions from the standpoint of science teaching. The scientist's relationship to the models he constructs is am bivalent. On the one hand, the invention of a model engages his creative talent and his desire for successfully representing the operation of the system he studied. On the other hand, once the model is made, he seeks to uncover its limitations and weaknesses, because it is from the model's failures that he gains new understanding and ability to construct more effective models. Both creative and critical faculties are involved. We will promote our researches through actual lessons according to this principle.