1970 Volume 11 Pages 11-19
The authors attempted to examine the pupils of a primary school in natural science. In this examination, they paid special attention to testing their ability of scientific thinking and extracted the factors constituting the structure of science from the above result. This is the consequence which could be gained through these factor analysis. (1) Four are extracted as factors of ability in scientific thinking, that is, Ability of Inductive Thinking (a), Ability of Deductive Thinking (b), Ability of Understanding (c), and Ability of Recognizing Space (d). (2) By comparing these results with the factors of ability in scientific thinking of the pupils of a junior high school (this report III), they come to the conclusion that the factor a, b and c are common factors in both schools. (3) By comparing these results with the factor analysis of intelligence by L. L. Thurstone, they find that the factors of ability of scientific thinking are correspond to the many intelligence factors. (4) Then, inquiring into the relation of factors of Inductive and Deductive thinking, they come to the conclusion that these factors are independent but are connected intimately in practical thinking.
