The Reform of the Educational System and Science Education in U.S.S.R..

Abstract

The reform of the educational system in U.S.S.R. was carried out in accordance with the thesis of H.C. Хрущев's speech in Central Executive Committie and Cabinet Council of CCCP in 1958,. "On the Intensification of the Connection between School and Actual Life and the Further Development of the Public Educational System." Some of the most important points in the reform of the educational system are as follows; 1.One more year is added to the 7 year course of study in the lower secondary school (ВосЬмилетнеи школе) (compulsory education). 2.All students must learn the study of production (производственное обучение) in the upper secondary school (среднеи шкопес производственное обучение)It may be said that the производственноеобучение is a professional education. So labour in a factory or a collective farm and learning of its fundamental science are carried on simultaneously. And on this occasion, it gives rise to the apprehension that the systematic learning of the fundamental course of study may be disturbed. Besides it is feared that the reform shows a tendency that the studencls specialize themselves at an early stage in their education. Those facts infringe Lenin's interpretation of poly-tecnical education (политехничсекоеобучение) in his note. To conquer these difficulties and to intensify the connection between labour and learning, a proper dealing must be taken in the concreate curricurum, as has been discussed among many pedagogists of U.S.S.R .For this purpose the fundamental knowledge which is useful to all industries, must be taught in the lower secondary school. So it is desirable to complete all course of studies in the lower secondary school. On the other hand, the fundamental study of science must be closely connected with the study of production which students take part in. So the scientific principles of the production must be contained in the process of systematic learning of the fundamental subjects which have relation to the production. From these points of view the author examined the coures of study that had been perfomed in the country, and found many defects in it. He investigated how in the course of study newly established the old defects were corrected, and reported the results. Briefly speaking the corrections are fairly adequate but not fully realized.