A Comparative Study on Sketch Effect and Memo Effect in Observing the Cole Flower

Abstract

Children were divided into the sketch group and the memo group. While observing a Cole flower, memo group children were asked to make a memo, and sketch group children were asked to draw a sketch. The sketches and memos were collected. Afterwards, blank sheets were distributed to children. They were requested to make a sketch of the flower as accurately as possible without looking at it. The observational scores were calculated from their sketches and memos. As a result,in the lower-grade classes, the sketch group children got higher scores than the memo group children in the reproduction. In the upper-grade classes, however, the memo group children got higher scores than the sketch group children in the reproduction. Correlations of the scores in observation with the scores in reproduction decrease as grades go up in the sketch group. On the other hand, they increase as grades go down in the memo group. It was found that it is effective to use the sketch in observing flowers in the lower-grade classes, and the memo in observing flowers in the upper-grade classes.