臓器微小循環の血流動態の定量的計測

抄録

Quantitative analyses of the hemodynamic parameters in the organ microcirculation provide useful information for the better understanding of the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of various diseases. In this lecture, recent progresses in the methodological basis of the physiological study of the microcirculation are surveyed. Blood Flowmetry of the Microcirculation : Based on the two-slit method of Wayland and Johnson, various methods for the measurement of microvas-cular blood flow has been proposed. We have developed ten-channels' dual-sensor method to enable multiple flowmetery in the microvessels. Visualization of the Formed Elements : Fluores cent traces such as fluoresceins and acridines enable selective staining of the formed elements of the blood. thereby their dynamic behavior in the microcirculation are made to be visualized under a fluorescent intravital microscpe system. A few examples of the application of such techniques to the study of dynamics of the platelet thrombus formation and rheological analysis of the leukocytes behavior are presented. Visualization of the Mass Transfer Process : Fluorescent dyes can also be used as tracers for the transvascular mass transfer process. We have attempted to visualize dynamic processes of the mass transfer from microvessels through interstitium to microlymphatics. The augmented leakage of the high molecular weight substances at the site where diapedesis of the activated leukocytes was observed was also demonstrated.