抄録
Fukuis one of the prefectures whose employment ratio of the woman is highest in Japan. I examine the division of household labor between both sexes using data from questionnaire survey that society for the study of employment and quality of life conducted in Fukui in June 2003.
In spite of height of employment ratio of the woman, gender-role attitude is conservative and the division of household labor between both sexes is not equal in Fukui.
I divide household labor into three categories, according to type of labor, the frequency at which it is conducted, and whether it can be put off or not. The categories are 1) daily household labor that cannot be put off, 2) daily or irregular household labor that can be put off, 3) care for child and the old. Women tend to take the largest responsibility for the most of the household labor, especially daily chores that cannot be put off.
In order to examine the linear effects of time availability and gender-role attitude bargaining on the division of household labor, I use the number of working hours per week and the gender-role attitude as explanatory variables. The variables that have a significant effect on the division of household labor between both sexes differ with types of household labor. The working hours of men has a significant effect on the all of daily household labor of men that cannot put off and on sweeping and care for child. The working hours of women has no significant effect on all types of household labor of women but sweeping and expensive purchase. The gender-role attitude of men has a significant effect on all daily household labor of men that cannot put off but daily shopping and on sweeping. The gender-role attitude of women has no significant effect on all types of household labor of women.
Social primary factors such as industrial structure, family forms, aging of population, spatial mobility and cultural tradition vary largely according to the locality. Such factors have a large influence to the working hours per week and gender-role attitude. The comparative research which inserted regional quality in range of vision is needed.
