抄録
Tetra Canthatch, a reconstituted AABB tetraploid, six strains of Aegilops squarrosa and six strains of the synthetic AABBDD hexaploid were compared as to α-amylase isozymes, together with durum reichenbachii and two cultivars of common wheat, Chinese Spring and Canthatch.
Tetra Canthatch and durum reichenbachii showed the same zymogram, with some difference in relative activity of individual bands, which corresponded to the zymogram, in which the bands conditioned by the genes on the D genome chromosomes were removed from that of Canthatch. In addition to Band 1 and 11 which had already been known to be specified by the genes, respectively, on β arm of 6D and on the long arm of 7D, Band 7 was shown to be probably controlled by a gene on β arm of 6D.
Six strains of Ae. squarrosa showed three different zymograms. This means that there is an intraspecific variation, but no variation was found within strains examined Out of total seven bands so far detected in Ae. squarrosa, Band 13 was assumed to be specified by the gene probably allelic to that for Band 11. Band 4, 5 and 7' remain to be genetically defined.
Six strains of Tetra Canthatch-Ae. squarrosa amphiploid showed again three different zymograms, which are the sum of the zymograms of the parents involved. So, zymogram differences among six strains were absolutely attributable to differences among six strains of Ae. Squarrosa involved as the D genome parent of the amphiploid. Three bands on the anodic side, namely, Band 12, 13 and 15 showed more or less enhanced activity in Tetra Canthatch as compared with Canthatch and other hexaploid wheat, while these bands reduced their activity in amphiploids to the degree comparable to Canthatch. This may suggest compensation for missing Band 11 in Tetra Canthatch of the strengthened bands just mentioned.
Two strains of the amphiploid showed the same zymogram as that of Canthatch which is the most prevailing zymogram in hexaploid wheat. Their D genome parents, both belonging to ssp. strangulata evidently carry the same α-amylase genes as those of the D genome of Canthatch.
