Abstract
Future research directions in ecological agriculture encompass several key areas. Firstly, it involves developing sustainable agricultural technologies such as precision agriculture and water-saving irrigation to enhance resource use efficiency and reduce environmental impact. Secondly, it focuses on strengthening soil health and biodiversity research to improve crop resilience and ecosystem stability. Additionally, the exploration of carbon farming, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions through soil organic carbon accumulation, and promoting circular agriculture by utilizing agricultural waste to enhance resource efficiency and minimize waste, are also critical. Further research includes enhancing the agricultural system's ability to adapt to climate change, such as adjusting cropping patterns and selecting resilient crop varieties. Meanwhile, quantifying and assessing ecosystem services like soil and water conservation and climate regulation is essential for a deeper understanding of ecological agriculture's economic and environmental benefits. Lastly, policy support and economic incentives, such as subsidies and carbon trading markets, are crucial for promoting the widespread adoption of ecological agriculture. These research efforts will advance ecological agriculture, providing effective solutions for global food security and environmental protection.
