Abstract
Water-saving cultivation and dryland farming are key strategies to address global water scarcity and climate change. This paper systematically analyzes the development and application of water-saving cultivation technologies, including efficient irrigation methods such as drip and micro-irrigation, as well as soil moisture retention measures. It also explores adaptive regulation mechanisms in dryland farming, with a particular focus on drought-resistant crop selection, root system optimization, and biotechnology applications. By examining the synergistic effects of these approaches, the complementary advantages of water-saving cultivation and dryland farming in improving water use efficiency and enhancing crop drought resistance are revealed. Additionally, the paper assesses their positive impact on ecosystems, soil health, and water resource management, and discusses their contributions to sustainable agricultural development through an analysis of economic benefits. Finally, the paper looks ahead to future development directions supported by smart agriculture and big data technologies, as well as the challenges posed by climate change and corresponding response strategies. This paper aims to provide valuable practical insights for global sustainable agriculture.
