Abstract
Against the backdrop of intensifying global climate change, agricultural resource systems are confronting unprecedented challenges and uncertainties. A systematic assessment of the multifaceted impacts of climate change on these systems is essential for ensuring food security, promoting sustainable resource utilization, and enhancing agricultural resilience. This article focuses on four key frontier topics: resilience assessment of farming systems under extreme weather events, refined management and optimal allocation of agricultural water resources, coupled regulation of soil carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas emissions, and the integrated application of artificial intelligence, big data, and remote sensing technologies in agricultural climate impact assessment. By reviewing recent research progress and key technological pathways, the study highlights the critical role of interdisciplinary integration and intelligent approaches in climate adaptation and mitigation strategies for agriculture. The purpose of this article is to provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for the scientific assessment and policy formulation of agricultural resource systems under climate change, thereby contributing to the development of a more resilient, intelligent, and sustainable agricultural future.
