工業地域構造論

(1) 序説および現況分析

抄録

1. The main subject of my studies about the regional structures of economical development is to analyse phenomena of “industrialization” that differ in different areas.
2. In this paper, the “industrial area (in a broad sense)” is defined as complex categories, and classified into the four, according to the degr ees of concentration, -(a) Industrial-point or unit-areia, (b) I. -district, (c) I. -region, and (d) I. - zone. Several areas in the preceeding category compose the following one, and an “industrial district” has, as its nucleus, a manufactu ring centre.
The industrial area is decided by means of dividing the given area according to the “Industrial Index (Ii)” which can be obtained as a combination of “a” for factories (F), “b” for workers (W), and “c” for out-put, (Pr) in each unit-area as shown in Table. 1. Consequently, the area is divided as follows:
(1) (Ordinary) Industrial area, (2) Quasi i. a., (3) Transitional a., and. (4) Non i. a.
3. In Saitaina Pref. for exmaple, four industrial areas are recognized, M. shown in the Fig. 1. Kawaguchi-Omiya area is the most industrialized one as compared with the rest, and its manufacturing output is 45% of, that of the whole prefecture. The rest three especially Hanno-Tokorozawa area, are less industrialized than the former. And other areas except those aforementioned are almost composed of Quasi i. a.
4. Most of the manufacturing factories in these areas are small in scale, averaging 10.3 workers each. Many of these are the so-called domestic industries (about 90% or more), and their productivities are of low standard in general, as shown in the Table 2.
5. Kawaguchi-Omiya Area with its core of Kawaguchi district, is being recognized as a part of “Tokyo-Yokohama Industrial-zone”. Though the rest three main areas are nearly recognized as the “industrial regions”, however, their formation are some what incomplete. Other industrial regions are generally small and more imperfect. Yorii Matsuya, na, and most of regions over the Tdbu-teichi areas (the low land east of the prefecture) are composed of isolated “industrial districts” with each small core.
In general, there can be pointed out the following tendencies on the order arrangements of classified manufacturing factories from Tokyo outwards. (cf. Fig. 2, Fig. 3.)
(1) In the branch of the heavy industry, there appear the following tendencies:
1. Metal-working industry→2. Heavy machinery i. (General i-nachinery. i→Transportation equipnnents and machinery.)→3. Light machinery i. (Electrical machinery and appliances i.→Precision machinery and allied industry).
(2) In the branch of the light industry, such tendency is not so clear however, it may be pointed out that ratio of the cotton and woolen (spinning and weaving) industries is the highest in the vicinity of Tokyo. On the contrary, the silk reelings and weavings, and the lumbering and woodenware industries show the high ratios in the areas farthest from Tokyo. The sewing industries take the high ratios in the rual areas.
(3) In the branch of chemical industries, two types of distribution are inferred. One of them is the drugs, medicines, dyes and rubber industries which are also situated relatively near Tokyo in addition to the heavy machinery industries; and the other, the manufacture of chemical fertilizer near the lime-stone i pining areas which are relatively distant from Tokyo. In consideration of the foregoing, we can understand the general tendencies of the arrangement of manufacturing f actories in proportion to the distance from Tokyo, that is to say. the centripetal and centrifugal distributions.