都市農業地域の生態—京都市上賀茂におけるスグキ栽培加工を中心として—

抄録

As the modernizing development of a town advances, the urban area ex-pands outwards by absorbing the surrounding farming areas into it. In Kyoto, such a change is well indicated by many vegetables whose names are respectively capped with the name of a place which has turned into a. part of the city. On the other hand, there are places like Kamigamo where the farming is even now carried on in the city area. What characterics has such a kind of. farming in an urban area ?
Kamigamo is known for the cultivation of Suguki and processing it as-pickles, of which commercial name is also called. Suguki. But the area did not show any such characteristics until the middle of Meiji era when they moderniging development of Kyoto was going on. Later, especially after the, World War I, the production of Suguki in Kamigamo was technically imp-roved, and.in couse of time product of Kamigamo monopolized the marketi by its superiority both in quality and quantity over those of the rival areas.
It was then that the area began to show the following characteristics.
1. They cultivation and processing of Suguki, whose profit amounts to-more than 50% of the total. profits of the farmers of Kamigamo, are carried on by the surplus labour in winter. Consequently the number of house-holds specializing in agriculture has amounted to 80% of all the households: in the area.
2. Suguki is cultivated as the winter crop in rice fields. So such a diffe-renciation into nto vegetable-farmers and cereal-farmers did not take place in Kamigamo as has been experienced in other villages in the suburbs.
In short, the farming in Kamigano was adapted to the urbanizing effects. The farming methods have got mechanized and the way of villagers lives have been urbanized. Onthe other hand, however, their extreme co-mmercialism and the smale management have intensified the riva lry among them and hindered their co-operation and a farther development of the industry. These are the social problems left to the area.