抄録
Recently, bipolarization of physical fitness and motor activity in youth and childhood has been observed. The first purpose of this study was to investigate deviation from the normal distribution of physique and motor competence in preschool aged children. The second purpose was to identify the relationship between distribution and gender, age, movement skills, and physical fitness. In this study, abnormal distributions were defined by skewness and kurtosis. Participants were 1,416 preschool aged children(age range:3-6yr.). Measurements of height, weight, and motor competence(23 items)were collected from each participant. Correspondence analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between distribution and gender, age, and motor performance. After using the Grubbs-Smirnov test to reject outlying scores, skewness and kurtosis were calculated for each gender at four age groups. Distributions that were found to be abnormal according to the Jarque-Bera test were classified into the following four types:"biased poor and intensive","biased poor and gapped","biased good and intensive", and"biased good and gapped". Abnormal distributions were observed for sixty percent of all items. Physique and performance of strength show a normal distribution curve. Locomotion movements that require speed were classified as"biased good and intensive". Manipulation and stability movements were classified as"biased poor and intensive".If bipolarization was defined as deviation from the normal distribution curve, these findings indicate that locomotion performance is low in some children, and a minority of children shows very high ability in manipulation and stability performance.
