情報の誘目性が航空管制タスクに与える影響

抄録

This paper reports positive and negative effects of salience on air traffic control (ATC) task performance and propose a screen design policy based on the effects. The ATC task has widely been known as multiple and complicated tasks of a high cognitive demand. We aim to develop screen design policy considering human perception to reduce controllers’ workloads and improve task performances. This research focuses on salience which is one of the user interface elements causing a high-impact perception in accurate and efficient ATC tasks. We carried out an experiment with ten participants in order to clarify positive and negative effects of salience on the ATC task performance. In this experiment, we defined giving heading instructions as the main tasks, and hand-in and hand-off operations as the sub tasks. Experimental conditions provided four patterns of screen designs with (a) no, (b) small, (c) middle, and (d) large gap of salience between important and the other airplanes. We controlled salience using the color salience model that we developed in our previous works. Results of the experiment showed (1) larger salience gaps among displayed information improved novices’ instruction timing to the airplanes, (2) larger salience gaps according to the importance in main tasks degrades the performance of sub tasks, (3) larger salience gaps among displayed information slightly improved novices’ situation awareness (SA). Based on these results, we proposed the screen design policy considering salience of displayed information.