Foot-based input is a promising method for enabling hands-free interaction in VR environments, where traditional hand-based input may be limited or occupied. This study explores the interaction characteristics of foot gestures in two fundamental 3D tasks: selection and drag-and-drop. We designed four foot gesture techniques and evaluated their performance in a virtual environment displayed through a head-mounted display (HMD). In the first experiment, we measured target selection performance using Fitts’ law. In the second, we assessed drag-and-drop performance. The experimental results highlight performance trade-offs among the four techniques, depending on the interaction task. Based on these observations, we discuss considerations for selecting appropriate foot gestures in VR interfaces. Keywords €b0: HMD, Foot Gesture, User Interface, 3D Pointing, Object Manipulation
