論文ID: UTD-R019
The fresh fruit yield of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) is determined by yield components and related traits. In low-truss cultivation in Japan, light use efficiency in the same cultivar is not significantly affected by plant density or seedling stage at transplanting. Total dry-matter production equals light use efficiency × light intercepted by plants. Light interception is determined by leaf area index and the light extinction coefficient in the plant canopy. Light use efficiency is determined by leaf photosynthetic rate and light extinction coefficient. Light use efficiency is expressed as a function of daytime CO2 concentration. The high yield of modern tomato cultivars in the Netherlands is due to an increase in total dry matter production of plants, not to an increase in dry matter partitioning of fruits. An increase in the photosynthetic rate and a decrease in the light extinction coefficient may have increased light use efficiency among Dutch cultivars. Although modern Japanese cultivars have a high content of both water and soluble solids of fruits, yield has not increased. Since the yield of greenhouse tomatoes in Japan has increased little since the 1980s, Japanese researchers have attempted to improve the yield using current Japanese cultivars. Crop growth models can help management decisions on cultural practices, control of greenhouse climate, fertilization, and irrigation. Several models of tomato growth including TOMSIM and TOMGRO have been developed. A growth model based on the relationships among yield components and related traits has been developed to predict dry matter production and yield of greenhouse tomatoes. The model recommended a leaf area index with the highest dry matter production at a certain solar radiation. To improve yield of greenhouse tomatoes by using the model, a one-year experiment was carried out in a greenhouse. The annual yield of tomatoes with Brix at least 5° was at least 50 kg·m−2 for a popular Japanese cultivar, ‘CF Momotaro York’. For the near future, the growth models show promise for growers in helping yield improvement and crop management in greenhouses.
