ジナダッタの教団活動と聖者伝文学

抄録

This paper examines the relationship between the writings of Jinadatta, a twelfth-century Jain monk and leader of the Jain order Kharatara gaccha, and the changes in Jain literature since the twelfth century. The gaccha was an order of the Jain Śventāmbara sect. Many gacchas were organized, especially from the tenth to the thirteenth century. In the same period, Jainism had a certain degree of influence in the society of the time and had good relations with the political powers. However, the ordained members of the Kharatara gaccha began to accuse the ordained members of the urban temples of not living a scriptural life. Jinadatta wrote all his works, including Upadeśarasāyanarāsa, and Kālasvarūpakulaka, in the Apabhraṃśa language. These works were written to show the proper way to be a leader or member of a gaccha. However, in terms of the Jain Apabhraṃśa literature, most of which are biographies of saints, Jinadatta’s works are heterogeneous. Therefore, this paper points out that Jinadatta’s writings have more to do with the literary trends after the 12th century than with the Jain literary tradition.