道元禅の仏陀への回帰――道元にとっての「正伝の仏法」とは何か――

抄録

While Dōgen 道元 （1200–1253） authored a large number of surviving works, such as the Shōbōgenzō 正法眼蔵 and Eihei-Kōroku 永平広録, this study focuses on his phrase shōden no buppō 正伝の仏法 （The true transmission of Buddha Dharma） to consider what form of Buddhism Dōgen was actually aiming toward. The phrase shōden no buppō appears in the “Kesa-Kudoku” 袈裟功徳 volume of his 12-volume Shōbōgenzō, and to clarify the distinctive aspects of Dōgen’s Buddhist teachings, this study divides his ministry into six stages, including his return to Japan from China, his moving to Echizen, and the donation of the Daizōkyō 大蔵経. Furthermore, this study’s empirical comparison to determine whether quotations of canonical texts changed after the arrival of Bodhidharma in China found that over the nine years following Dōgen’s return to Japan, there were 2 quotations of Buddhist texts from “before” Bodhidharma, while there were 138 quotations of Zen texts from “after” Bodhidharma. By contrast, the study found that in the three years following Hatano Yoshishige’s 波多野義重 （?–1258） donation to Dōgen of the Daizōkyō, there was an increase to 17 quotations of Buddhist texts （81 Zen texts）. It can be conjectured that if Dōgen had lived longer after writing the 12-volume Shōbōgenzō, his inclination toward the Buddha would have become stronger.