At present, five versions of the Pañcavastuka （classification of dharmas into five categories） exist: four Chinese translations by An Shigao 安世高, Facheng 法成, Guṇabhadra 求那跋陀羅, and Xuanzang 玄奘 and a few fragments of Sanskrit manuscripts. However, the existence of a Tibetan translation has not been confirmed until now. I have now discovered a Tibetan translation of the Pañcavastuka in the Gondhla proto-Kanjur. This paper introduces and analyzes its contents. The five texts of the Pañcavastuka have numerous differences between them. The newly discovered Tibetan translation of the Pañcavastuka corresponds verbatim to the Facheng translation and includes the characteristic contents of that translation, such as space （ākāśa）, four non-defined roots （catur avyākṛta-mūla）, and ascertainment （adhimukti）. Furthermore, the mistranslated passages in Facheng’s translation were similarly mistranslated in this Tibetan translation. Based on the above, it is clear that the Facheng translation of the Pañcavastuka is a Chinese translation from a Tibetan text of the same lineage as the Tibetan translation discovered in this study.
